Main Purposes of Developing Expert Systems

The main purposes of developing expert systems are as follows:

• Human experts get sick and retire.

• Expert Systems are developed for remote locations where real experts are not available.

• Expert Systems are developed for hazard locations where life risks are involved.

• Books and manuals can be alternative solutions of human experts. The main reason not to use books and manuals instead of real Expert is that normally these do not provide and cover all solutions of problems.

• Human experts are in less numbers in comparison to the problems in the industry.

• Expert system provides us the facility to capture and store knowledge of more than one expert.

• The core idea behind in developing an expert system is that non-experts can use the knowledge of a human expert even after his retirement or when he is not available.

• The main objective of developing an expert system is not to replace the human experts but to utilize their expertise when they get old or die.

• Human experts are expensive to hire and every company cannot afford to hire them.

• Expert systems increase the productivity and improve the quality of decisions enormously in the absence of human experts.

Main Concepts of an Expert System

The main concepts of an expert system are as follows:

• Knowledge.
• Expertise.
• Transfer of expertise.
• Inference.
• Rules.
• Explanation Capability.

Knowledge

Many people have defined knowledge but the common definitions are as follows:

• Abstract information regarding problem solving.

• Clear understanding about any problem domain.

• Experience/skill of any problem domain.

• Perception about any problem domain.

• Familiarity or recognition about any problem domain.

Categories of Knowledge

Knowledge can be divided into two main categories:

1. Surface Knowledge.
2. In-depth Knowledge.

Basic information about any problem domain but not in detail is called surface knowledge. It can be explained by examples of a car driver and computer user.

• A car driver cannot handle the problems of car engine even though he knows that a car has an engine, pistons, cylinders, plugs, filters and a battery.

• A personal computer user cannot handle the problems raised in hardware even knows that there is a hard disk and a motherboard having CPU etc.

The detail information about some thing is called in-depth knowledge. It can also be explained by using the illustration of car and computer.

• A car mechanic can handle the problems of car engines because he has detail information about car engine after his training from an expert mechanic.

• A hardware engineer can repair the hardware because of having detailed knowledge.

• Only that driver can drive on the highway that is an expert and knows how to control and drive the car on the highway. A driver who has just learnt driving can have serious accident on the highway that may even cause his death.

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